SymfonyCasts stands united with the people of Ukraine
gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
gstreamer0.10-plugins-good packages.
Unless you're building a pure API - and we will talk about returning JSON later in this tutorial - you're going to need to write some HTML. And... putting text or HTML in a controller like this is... ugly.
No worries! Symfony has great integration with an incredible template library called Twig. There's just one problem: our Symfony app is so small that Twig isn't even installed yet! Ah, but that's not really a problem... thanks to the recipe system.
Head back to https://flex.symfony.com and search for "template". There it is! Apparently Symfony's recommended "template" library is something called twig-pack. Let's install it!
composer require templateThis installs a few packages... and yea! 2 recipes! Let's see what they did:
git statusWhoa, awesome. Okay: we expected changes to composer.json, composer.lock and symfony.lock. Everything else was done by those recipes.
Let's look at bundles.php first:
git diff config/bundles.phpInteresting: it added two lines. Go open that: config/bundles.php.
| ... lines 1 - 2 | |
| return [ | |
| Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\FrameworkBundle::class => ['all' => true], | |
| Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\SensioFrameworkExtraBundle::class => ['all' => true], | |
| Symfony\Bundle\TwigBundle\TwigBundle::class => ['all' => true], | |
| Twig\Extra\TwigExtraBundle\TwigExtraBundle::class => ['all' => true], | |
| ]; |
A "bundle" is a Symfony plugin. Pretty commonly, when you want to add a new feature to your app, you'll install a bundle. And when you install a bundle, you need to enable it in your application. A long time ago, doing this was manual. But thanks to Symfony Flex, whenever you install a Symfony bundle, it automatically updates this to enable it for you. So... now that we've talked about this file, you'll probably never need to think about it again.
The recipe also added a templates/ directory. So if you were wondering where your templates are supposed to live... the recipe kinda answered that question! It also added a base.html.twig layout file that we'll talk about soon.
| <html> | |
| <head> | |
| <meta charset="UTF-8"> | |
| <title>{% block title %}Welcome!{% endblock %}</title> | |
| {% block stylesheets %}{% endblock %} | |
| </head> | |
| <body> | |
| {% block body %}{% endblock %} | |
| {% block javascripts %}{% endblock %} | |
| </body> | |
| </html> |
So... apparently our templates are supposed to live in templates/. But why? I mean, is that path hardcoded deep in some core Twig file? Nope! It lives right in our code, thanks to a twig.yaml file that was created by the recipe. Let's check that out: config/packages/twig.yaml.
| twig: | |
| default_path: '%kernel.project_dir%/templates' |
We're going to talk more about these YAML files in another tutorial. But without understanding a lot about this file, it... already makes sense! This default_path config points to the templates/ directory. Want your templates to live somewhere else? Just change this and... done! You're in control.
By the way, don't worry about this weird %kernel.project_dir% syntax. We'll learn about that later. But basically, it's a fancy way to point to the root of our project.
The recipe also created one other twig.yaml file which is less important: config/packages/test/twig.yaml. This makes a tiny change to Twig inside your automated tests. The details don't really matter. The point is: we installed Twig and its recipe handled everything else. We are 100% ready to use it in our app. Let's do that next.
// composer.json
{
"require": {
"php": "^7.3.0 || ^8.0.0",
"ext-ctype": "*",
"ext-iconv": "*",
"easycorp/easy-log-handler": "^1.0.7", // v1.0.9
"sensio/framework-extra-bundle": "^6.0", // v6.2.1
"symfony/asset": "5.0.*", // v5.0.11
"symfony/console": "5.0.*", // v5.0.11
"symfony/debug-bundle": "5.0.*", // v5.0.11
"symfony/dotenv": "5.0.*", // v5.0.11
"symfony/flex": "^1.3.1", // v1.17.5
"symfony/framework-bundle": "5.0.*", // v5.0.11
"symfony/monolog-bundle": "^3.0", // v3.5.0
"symfony/profiler-pack": "*", // v1.0.5
"symfony/routing": "5.1.*", // v5.1.11
"symfony/twig-pack": "^1.0", // v1.0.1
"symfony/var-dumper": "5.0.*", // v5.0.11
"symfony/webpack-encore-bundle": "^1.7", // v1.8.0
"symfony/yaml": "5.0.*" // v5.0.11
},
"require-dev": {
"symfony/profiler-pack": "^1.0" // v1.0.5
}
}